ИНФОРМАТИВНОСТЬ РАЗЛИЧНЫХ МЕТОДОВ ЗАБОРА ЭНДОМЕТРИЯ В ДИАГНОСТИКЕ ГИПЕРПЛАЗИИ ЭНДОМЕТРИЯ

Abstract

The aim of the research – to evaluate the diagnostic utility of various endometrial sampling methods based on an analysis of contemporary publications (covering the period 2017-2026).
Materials and Methods. A search was conducted using the PubMed and E-library databases. Key words included: diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial biopsy. The search scope spanned 10 years (2017-2026).
Results: The search yielded 2,126 sources (1,400 from PubMed and 726 from E-library). The following were excluded from the analysis: publications for which the full text was unavailable (n = 4); literature reviews or opinion pieces lacking original data (n = 2); publications deemed irrelevant based on their titles (n = 1,730); duplicate reports (n = 300); and studies that did not compare different sampling methods (n = 83). Seven publications met the inclusion criteria. Diagnosing endometrial hyperplasia via Pipelle biopsy or manual vacuum aspiration (MVA) serves as a reliable, less invasive alternative to traditional diagnostic curettage in patients with diffuse endometrial processes. These procedures can be performed on an outpatient basis without cervical dilation or anesthesia. Consequently, women with endometrial hyperplasia can be evaluated in an outpatient setting, avoiding the need for hospitalization, cervical dilation, or anesthesia. However, if a focal lesion is suspected, or if a "blind" biopsy yields non-diagnostic results, office hysteroscopy with targeted biopsy is required.
Conclusions.The morphological verification of endometrial hyperplasia necessitates the optimization of diagnostic approaches. The high accuracy, safety, and accessibility of MVA (manual vacuum aspiration) and Pipelle biopsy make them an effective alternative to traditional curettage. However, determining their applicability in cases of focal pathology and postmenopausal atrophy requires further prospective studies.