HIV INFECTION AND THE GESTATIONAL PROCESS: PATHOGENETIC INTERRELATIONS AND PREDICTION OF COMPLICATIONS
Main Article Content
Abstract
The prevalence of HIV infection among women of reproductive age necessitates improved approaches to pregnancy care in this cohort.
Objective – to comprehensively analyze the impact of HIV infection on obstetric and perinatal outcomes and evaluate the effectiveness of current preventive strategies based on published data.
Materials and methods. A systematic analysis of epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory literature data was conducted using comparative statistics and pathogenetic modeling.
Results. The epidemiological situation is characterized by a generalized epidemic process with an increasing proportion of socially adapted population groups and a shift in morbidity toward older age cohorts. The pathogenetic basis for adverse perinatal outcomes is a cascade of interrelated processes: viral persistence initiates a systemic inflammatory response and oxidative stress, leading to decompensation of placental function and a breakdown of adaptive mechanisms.
Conclusion. The modern risk management strategy is based on the principles of early initiation of antiretroviral therapy, multi-tiered chemoprophylaxis, and mandatory drug resistance monitoring. Clinical data confirm that a comprehensive approach, including preconception preparation, antenatal, intrapartum, and postnatal prophylaxis, enables minimal vertical transmission rates.
Keywords
Author Biographies
Elena Nikolaevna Kravchenko,
Doctor of medical sciences, professor, head of chair of obstetrics and gynecology №1
Anna Vladimirovna Mordyk,
doctor of medical sciences, professor, head of the department of phthisiology, pulmonology and infectious diseases
Ruslan Albertovich Karimov,
student of the faculty of medicine
Article Details
Information about financing and conflict of interests
The authors declare that they have no apparent or potential conflicts of interest related to the publication of this article.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
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References
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