TRENDS AND RESERVES OF LIFE EXPECTANCY OF THE POPULATION IN THE OMSK REGION
Main Article Content
Abstract
The research aim was to study the impact of the change in mortality in individual age groups and from leading causes of death on the dynamics of life expectancy, as well as the elimination reserves of life expectancy of the population of the Omsk region.
Materials and methods. The life expectancy indicator was calculated using an indirect (demographic) method based on summary mortality tables. The contribution of the change in mortality in individual age groups and from leading causes of death to the dynamics of life expectancy of the population of the Omsk region, to the differences in the indicator in the Omsk region and the Russian Federation, as well as elimination reserves were calculated by means of the component method. Mortality tables and subsequent calculations were based on mortality rates by sex, five-year age groups and causes of death from the Russian Fertility and Mortality Database.
Results. Before 2005, in the Omsk region, the main contribution (up to 70 %) to the dynamics of life expectancy for men was made by the changes in mortality at the age of 30-59 years, for women - 45-74 years, after which the influence of the changes in mortality at ages older than the employable age increased. Before 2019, changes in mortality from diseases of the circulatory system and external causes were crucial. In 2019-2021, the main losses in life expectancy (2.59 years for men and 3.80 years for women) were associated with mortality from COVID-19, more than 40 % of which were concentrated at the age of 60-74 years. There was also an increase in mortality from diseases of the circulatory system, respiratory diseases, diseases of the digestive system, and external causes. Elimination of mortality from the leading causes could increase the life expectancy of men by 10.67 years, women – by 7.23 years, 58.2 % and 41.6 % respectively, were concentrated in the employable age.
Conclusion. The results obtained can be used in planning the activities of healthcare services and institutions, and in drawing up federal and regional socio-demographic programs, in which special attention should be paid to the territories in the East of the country, including the Omsk region.
Keywords
Article Details
Information about financing and conflict of interests
The authors declare that they have no apparent or potential conflicts of interest related to the publication of this article.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
How to Cite
References
Andreev EM, Kvasha EA, Khar'kova TL, Ramonov AV, Yumaguzin VV. Mortality and Life Expectancy in Russia in an International Context: A Critical Analysis of Trends. In: Russia’s Population in 2018: 26th Annual Demographic Report. Moscow: HSE Publishing House, 2020. p. 193-262. Russian (Андреев Е.М., Кваша Е.А., Харькова Т.Л., Рамонов А.В., Юмагузин В.В. Смертность и продолжительность жизни в России в международном контексте: критический анализ тенденций //Население России 2018: 26-й ежегодный демографический доклад. М.: Изд. дом Высшей школы экономики, 2020. С. 193-262.) doi: 10.17323/978-5-7598-2326-1
Andreev EM, Kvasha EA, Khar'kova TL, P'yankova AI, Ramonov AV, Fattakhov TA. Mortality and life expectancy in Russia: historical successes, the burden of old and new problems and their analysis taking into account the results of the 2015 microcensus. In: Russia’s Population in 2016: 24rd Annual Demographic Report. Moscow: HSE Publishing House, 2018. p. 302-362. Russian (Андреев Е.М., Кваша Е.А., Харькова Т.Л., Пьянкова А.И., Рамонов А.В., Фаттахов Т.А. Смертность и продолжительность жизни в России: исторические успехи, бремя старых и новых проблем и их анализ с учетом результатов микропереписи населения 2015 г. //Население России 2016: двадцать четвертый ежегодный демографический доклад. М.: Изд. дом Высшей школы экономики, 2018. С. 302-362.) doi: 10.17323/978-5-7598-1772-7
Izmerov NF, Tikhonova GI, Gorchakova TYu. Mortality of working age population in Russia and industrial countries in Europe: trends over the last two decades. Annals of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences. 2014; 69(7-8): 121-126. Russian (Измеров Н.Ф., Тихонова Г.И., Горчакова Т.Ю. Смертность населения трудоспособного возраста в России и развитых странах Европы: тенденции последнего двадцатилетия //Вестник Российской академии медицинских наук. 2014. Т. 69, № 7-8. С. 121-126.) doi: 10.15690/vramn.v69i7-8.1118
Andreev EM, Kvasha EA, Khar'kova TL, P'yankova AI, Ramonov AV, Yumaguzin VV, et al. Mortality and life expectancy trends in Russia in 1990-2020. In: Russia’s Population in 2019: 27th Annual Demographic Report. Moscow: HSE Publishing House, 2022. P. 191-275. Russian (Андреев Е.М. Кваша Е.А., Харькова Т.Л., Пьянкова А.И., Рамонов А.В., Юмагузин В.В., и др. Тенденции смертности и продолжительности жизни в России в 1990-2020 гг. //Население России 2019: 27-й ежегодный демографический доклад. М.: Изд. дом Высшей школы экономики, 2022. С. 191-275.) doi: 10.17323/978-5-7598-2554-8
Aganbegyan AG. The two major challenges facing Russia: to reduce the catastrophically high death rate while restoring the safety of the people and the transition to sustainable socio-economic grow. Economic Revival of Russia. 2022; (1): 14-30. Russian (Аганбегян А.Г. Два главных вызова, стоящих перед Россией: по сокращению катастрофически высокой смертности при восстановлении сохранности народа и переходу к устойчивому социально-экономическому росту //Экономическое возрождение России. 2022. № 1. С. 14-30.) doi: 10.37930/1990-9780-2022-1-71-14-30
Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 512 of March 31, 2021 «On Amendments to the State Program of the Russian Federation «Development of Healthcare». Russian (Постановление Правительства Российской Федерации № 512 от 31.03.2021 «О внесении изменений в Государственную программу Российской Федерации «Развитие здравоохранения») Available at: http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001202104070027 (accessed 11.09.2024)
Leshchenko YaA, Lisovtsov AA. Trends in life expectancy dynamics in the federal districts of the Russian Federation. Sotsial'nye aspekty zdorov'ya naseleniya. 2020; 66 (6): 9. Russian (Лещенко Я.А., Лисовцов А.А. Тенденции в динамике продолжительности жизни населения в федеральных округах Российской Федерации //Социальные аспекты здоровья населения. 2020. Т. 66, № 6. С. 9.) doi: 10.21045/2071-5021-2020-66-6-9
Leshchenko YaA, Lisovtsov AA. Life expectancy in the Siberian Federal District and the Irkutsk region in 1990-2018: trends and peculiarities. Human Ecology. 2021; 28 (6): 28-35. Russian (Лещенко Я.А., Лисовцов А.А. Ожидаемая продолжительность жизни в Сибирском федеральном округе и Иркутской области в 1990-2018 годах: тенденции и особенности //Экология человека. 2021. Т. 28, № 6. С. 28-35.) doi: 10.33396/1728-0869-2021-6-28-35
Soboleva SV, Smirnova NE, Chudaeva OV. Demographic problems of Siberia in the context of spatial development. ECO. 2020; 50(8): 48-65. Russian (Соболева С.В., Смирнова Н.Е., Чудаева О.В. Демографические проблемы Сибири в контексте пространственного развития //ЭКО. 2020. Т. 50, № 8. С. 48-65.) doi: 10.30680/eco0131-7652-2020-8-48-65
Andreev EM. Component method in life expectancy analysis. Vestnik statistiki. 1982; (9): 42-47. Russian (Андреев Е.М. Метод компонент в анализе продолжительности жизни //Вестник статистики. 1982. № 9. С. 42-47)
Russian Fertility and Mortality Database. Center for Demographic Research, New Economic School, Moscow (Russia). Russian (Российская база данных по рождаемости и смертности. Центр демографических исследований Российской экономической школы, Москва (Россия)). URL: https://www.nes.ru/demogr-fermort-data?lang=ru (дата обращения 24.09.2024)